Guidelines for bending

General

  • Maximum sheet thickness for steel is 12 mm.
  • Maximum sheet thickness for stainless steel is 10 mm.
  • Maximum sheet thickness for aluminium is 12 mm.
  • Maximum weight is 75 kg.
  • Maximum dimensions are 2980 x 1480 mm.
  • Maximum stop size is 1150 mm.
  • These dimensions are all in relation to a 90° angle. If the product contains one or more sharp bends, use the dimensions from the sharp tables for all bends in the product.
  • An edging product must always have a bending radius.

1.algemeen-radius-47

1.algemeen-radius-48

 

Tolerances

Tolerances are always symmetrical relative to the nominal dimension.

  • Angle precision: see table
  • Leg length (per setting): see table

 

247TS_Kanten_01

 

247TS_Kanten_02

 

247TS_Kanten_03

 

247TS_Kanten_04

 

bending-hemming-tolerances-1

 

S. A B C D E F
t/m 3 mm ± 0,2 mm ± 0,5 mm ± 0,8 mm ± 0,5 mm ± 0,5° 15′/100MM
4 mm ± 0,3 mm ± 0,6 mm ± 1,2 mm ± 0,6 mm ± 0,5° 15′/100MM
5 t/m 6 mm ± 0,4 mm ± 0,8 mm ± 1,6 mm ± 0,8 mm ± 0,5° 15′/100MM
8 mm ± 0,5 mm ± 1 mm ± 2 mm ± 1 mm ± 0,5° 15′/100MM
10 mm ± 0,8 mm ± 1,6 mm ± 3,2 mm ± 1,6 mm ± 0,5° 15′/100MM
             
Checker plate 2 mm       1,5°  
Hemming ± 1 mm 0 tot 0,5 x  sheet thickness        

Internal radius

The internal radius is determined by the tools in conjunction with the material properties. Sophia® will adjust the radii drawn in order to retain the shape of the final product. For reference, these internal radii can be used for an angle of 90 degrees.

Material thickness Steel Stainless steel Aluminum High-strength steel
0,8 mm 1,39 1,56 - -
1 mm 1,40 1,58 1,27 -
1,25 mm 1,42 1,57 - -
1,5 mm 1,65 1,90 1,47 -
2 mm 1,88 2,22 1,67 -
2,5 mm 2,41 2,94 2,11 -
3 mm 2,75 3,75 2,50 -
4 mm 3,02 4,48 3,30 -
5 mm 3,62 7,82 4,07 -
6 mm 4,62 11,91 5,34 -
8 mm 8,00 11,64 8,12 8,00
10 mm* 8,00 15,00 18,89 8,23
12 mm* 7,83 - - 7,02

*For thicknesses of 10 mm and 12 mm, it is not possible to bend full lengths. Please contact Customer Service for more information.

Material thickness Steel Stainless steel Aluminum
0,8 mm 1,41 1,72 -
1 mm 1,35 1,62 1,28
1,25 mm 1,27 1,52 -
1,5 mm 1,19 1,42 1,12
2 mm 1,30 1,59 1,22
2,5 mm 1,73 2,17 1,61
3 mm 2,51 3,73 2,86
4 mm 2,24 3,28 2,48
5 mm 2,45 5,44 2,70
6 mm 3,08 8,78 3,53
8 mm 4,74 - 4,33

 

3. Innenradius_v2

 

3. Innenradius_v1

 

Minimum leg lenght

This is the minimum overlay of the sheet on the mold that is necessary to perform the bending. The minimum leg length (s) is determined by the sheet thickness.

247TS_Kanten_06

 

90 Degrees

Thickness Groove width (w) Leg length (s)
0,63 mm 8 mm 5,60 mm
0,8 mm 8 mm 5,70 mm
0,88 mm 8 mm 5,80 mm
0,9 mm 8 mm 5,80 mm
1 mm 8 mm 5,90 mm
1,25 mm 8 mm 6,10 mm
1,5 mm 10 mm 7,50 mm
2 mm 12 mm 9,10 mm
2,5 mm 16 mm 12,00 mm
3 mm 16 mm 12,40 mm
4 mm 24 mm 17,70 mm
5 mm 30 mm 22,60 mm
6 mm 40 mm 29,60 mm
8 mm 60 mm 43 mm
10 mm* - 44 mm
12 mm* - 56,50 mm

*For thicknesses of 10 mm and 12 mm, it is not possible to bend full lengths. Please contact Customer Service for more information.

Thickness Groove width (w) Leg length (s)
0,63 mm - -
0,8 mm 8 mm 5,70 mm
0,88 mm - -
0,9 mm - -
1 mm 8 mm 5,90 mm
1,25 mm 8 mm 6,10 mm
1,5 mm 10 mm 7,60 mm
2 mm 12 mm 9,20 mm
2,5 mm 16 mm 12,10 mm
3 mm 20 mm 15,00 mm
4 mm 24 mm 17,90 mm
5 mm 40 mm 29,20 mm
6 mm 60 mm 41,80 mm
8 mm - 43,10 mm
10 mm* - 57 mm
12 mm* - -

*For thicknesses of 10 mm and 12 mm, it is not possible to bend full lengths. Please contact Customer Service for more information.

Thickness Groove width (w) Leg length (s)
0,63 mm - -
0,8 mm - -
0,88 mm - -
0,9 mm - -
1 mm - -
1,25 mm - -
1,5 mm 12 mm 8,70 mm
2 mm 16 mm 11,50 mm
2,5 mm - -
3 mm 24 mm 16,80 mm
4 mm 30 mm 21,70 mm
5 mm 40 mm 28,70 mm
6 mm 40 mm 29,35 mm
8 mm 60 mm 53,20 mm
10 mm* - 55 mm
12 mm* - 56,50 mm

*For thicknesses of 10 mm and 12 mm, it is not possible to bend full lengths. Please contact Customer Service for more information.

Sharp

Thickness Groove width (w) Leg length (s)
0,63 mm 10 mm 9,70 mm
0,8 mm 10 mm 9,80 mm
0,88 mm 10 mm 9,90 mm
0,9 mm 10 mm 9,90 mm
1 mm 10 mm 10,00 mm
1,25 mm 10 mm 10,15 mm
1,5 mm 10 mm 10,30 mm
2 mm 12 mm 12,40 mm
2,5 mm 16 mm 15,25 mm
3 mm 24 mm 21,30 mm
4 mm 24 mm 22,00 mm
5 mm 30 mm 22,60 mm
6 mm 40 mm 29,55 mm
8 mm 60 mm 42,35 mm

*Please note: If the product contains one or more sharp bends, take the dimensions from the sharp tables for all bends in the product.

Thickness Groove width (w) Leg length (s)
0,63 mm - -
0,8 mm 10 mm 9,90 mm
0,88 mm - -
0,9 mm - -
1 mm 10 mm 10,10 mm
1,25 mm 10 mm 10,20 mm
1,5 mm 10 mm 10,40 mm
2 mm 12 mm 12,45 mm
2,5 mm 16 mm 15,35 mm
3 mm 24 mm 21,50 mm
4 mm 24 mm 22,20 mm
5 mm 40 mm 29,20 mm
6 mm 60 mm 41,80 mm
8 mm - -

*Please note: If the product contains one or more sharp bends, take the dimensions from the sharp tables for all bends in the product.

Thickness Groove width (w) Leg length (s)
0,63 mm - -
0,8 mm - -
0,88 mm - -
0,9 mm - -
1 mm - -
1,25 mm - -
1,5 mm 12 mm 11,90 mm
2 mm 12 mm 12,30 mm
2,5 mm - -
3 mm 24 mm 21,15 mm
4 mm 30 mm 21,90 mm
5 mm 40 mm 28,70 mm
6 mm 40 mm 29,35 mm
8 mm 60 mm 42,40 mm

*Please note: If the product contains one or more sharp bends, take the dimensions from the sharp tables for all bends in the product.

Maximum bending lenght

The maximum force that the available bendingmachines at 247TailorSteel can apply to a product is not sufficient to bend a 3-metre length for all material thicknesses. Therefore, Sophia® checks the maximum bending line length for all materials and material thicknesses by the amount of force required for the bending lines to be edged, according to the table below:

Note:

  • The maximum product length remains leading when checking in Sophia®, due to the sheet dimensions.

Material Sheet thickness (mm) Bending length* (mm)
All materials 8mm < 8 mm 3350 mm
     
AISI 304 8 mm 2477 mm
AISI 316 8 mm 2471 mm
S235 8 mm 2459 mm
S355 8 mm 2784 mm
Corten A 8 mm 2784 mm
S420 8 mm 2637 mm
S700 8 mm 1794 mm
Aluminum 8 mm 2980 mm
     
AISI 304 10 mm 2115 mm
AISI 316 10 mm 2107 mm
S235 10 mm 2340 mm
S355 10 mm 2380 mm
S420 10 mm 2254 mm
Aluminum 10 mm 2980 mm
     
AISI 304 12 mm 1460 mm
AISI 316 12 mm n.v.t.
S235 12 mm 2048 mm
S355 12 mm 1650 mm
S420 12 mm 1564 mm
Aluminum 12 mm 2980 mm

 

Minimum X-measurement for Z-bending

In order to prevent collision with the tools during a “Z-bend”, it is necessary to take into account the minimum X-measurement shown in the table.

247TS_Kanten_07

 

247TS_Kanten_08

 

90 Degrees

Sheet thickness Groove width (w) Leg length (x)
0,63 mm 8 mm 7,80 mm
0,8 mm - 8,15 mm
0,88 mm 8 mm 8,30 mm
0,9 mm 8 mm 8,30 mm
1 mm 8 mm 8,50 mm
1,25 mm 8 mm 8,95 mm
1,5 mm 8 mm 10,65 mm
2 mm 12 mm 13,80 mm
2,5 mm 16 mm 18,80 mm
3 mm 16 mm 20,10 mm
4 mm 24 mm 26,15 mm
5 mm 30 mm 34,65 mm
6 mm 40 mm 42,90 mm
8 mm 60 mm 63 mm
10 mm* - 65 mm
12 mm* - 79 mm

*For thicknesses of 10 mm and 12 mm, it is not possible to bend full lengths. Please contact Customer Service for more information.

Thickness Groove width (w) Leg length (x)
0,63 mm - -
0,8 mm 8 mm 8,35 mm
0,88 mm - -
0,9 mm - -
1 mm 8 mm 8,70 mm
1,25 mm 8 mm 9,15 mm
1,5 mm 10 mm 10,95 mm
2 mm 12 mm 14,20 mm
2,5 mm 16 mm 19,45 mm
3 mm 20 mm 24,75 mm
4 mm 24 mm 27,40 mm
5 mm 40 mm 44,10 mm
6 mm 60 mm 63,20 mm
8 mm - 66,30mm
10 mm* - 84 mm
12 mm* - -

*For thicknesses of 10 mm and 12 mm, it is not possible to bend full lengths. Please contact Customer Service for more information.

Thickness Groove width (w) Leg length (x)
0,63 mm - -
0,8 mm - -
0,88 mm - -
0,9 mm - -
1 mm - -
1,25 mm - -
1,5 mm 12 mm 12,30 mm
2 mm 12 mm 13,40 mm
2,5 mm - -
3 mm 24 mm 23,45 mm
4 mm 30 mm 31,80 mm
5 mm 40 mm 40,40 mm
6 mm 40 mm 41,15 mm
8 mm 60 mm 70,40mm
10 mm* - 76 mm
12 mm* - 79 mm

*For thicknesses of 10 mm and 12 mm, it is not possible to bend full lengths. Please contact Customer Service for more information.

Sharp

Thickness Groove width (w) Leg length (x)
0,63 mm 10 mm 18,00 mm
0,8 mm 10 mm 18,25 mm
0,88 mm 10 mm 18,40 mm
0,9 mm 10 mm 18,40 mm
1 mm 10 mm 18,60 mm
1,25 mm 10 mm 19,00 mm
1,5 mm 10 mm 19,40 mm
2 mm 12 mm 20,65 mm
2,5 mm 16 mm 25,80 mm
3 mm 16 mm 34,95 mm
4 mm 24 mm 36,50 mm
5 mm 30 mm 40,40 mm
6 mm 40 mm 42,90 mm
8 mm 60 mm 62,20 mm

Thickness Groove width (w) Leg length (x)
0,63 mm - -
0,8 mm 10 mm 18,60 mm
0,88 mm - -
0,9 mm - -
1 mm 10 mm 19,00 mm
1,25 mm 10 mm 19,40 mm
1,5 mm 10 mm 19,80 mm
2 mm 12 mm 21,15 mm
2,5 mm 16 mm 26,55 mm
3 mm 20 mm 36,05 mm
4 mm 24 mm 37,60 mm
5 mm 40 mm 44,10 mm
6 mm 60 mm 63,20 mm
8 mm - -

Thickness Groove width (w) Leg length (x)
0,63 mm - -
0,8 mm - -
0,88 mm - -
0,9 mm - -
1 mm - -
1,25 mm - -
1,5 mm 12 mm 18,95 mm
2 mm 12 mm 20,15 mm
2,5 mm - -
3 mm 24 mm 33,75 mm
4 mm 30 mm 35,45 mm
5 mm 40 mm 40,35 mm
6 mm 40 mm 41,15 mm
8 mm 60 mm 60 mm

Maximum and minimum bend angle

Due to the rebound of the material, the sheet must always be bent a bit farther than the angle indicated. The tools have a maximum angle of 30˚, which allows for bends of up to 37˚ when you take the rebound into account. The minimum angle to be bent is 175˚.

247TS_Kanten_10-1

 

Steel and aluminum

All types, except checker plate**

Thickness Bend angle
t/m 4 mm 37° t/m 175°
5 mm t/m 8 mm 67° t/m 175°
10 mm* 67° t/m 175°
12 mm* 85° t/m 175°

*For thicknesses of 10 mm and 12 mm, it is not possible to bend full lengths. Please contact Customer Service for more information.

** Checker plates have a maximum bending angle of 90°.

Stainless steel

All types, except checker plate**

Thickness Bend angle
t/m 4 mm 37° t/m 175°
5 mm t/m 6 mm 67° t/m 175°
10 mm* 85° t/m 175°
12 mm* -

*For thicknesses of 10 mm and 12 mm, it is not possible to bend full lengths. Please contact Customer Service for more information.

** Checker plates have a maximum bending angle of 90°.

High-strength steel

S355 and CorTen A

Thickness Bend angle
t/m 3 mm 37° t/m 175°
4 mm t/m 8 mm 67° t/m 175°
10 mm* 85° t/m 175°
12 mm* 85° t/m 175°

*For thicknesses of 10 mm and 12 mm, it is not possible to bend full lengths. Please contact Customer Service for more information.

If the protruding section is longer than 58 mm, then the corner to be bent cannot be smaller than 70˚ due to collision on the lower beam of the bending machine. If the protruding section is not longer than 58 mm, then the maximum angle is 37˚.

247TS_Kanten_11_En

 

247TS_Kanten_12_En

 

buighoeken-28Max X = 1390 mm at 90° bending

Minimum distance from hole to bending line

Due to curving and deviations, holes larger than 5 mm may not fall within the leg length of the concerning material type and thickness.
For holes within the minimum leg length, make sure that the sum of the diameters of the holes and/or length of the slots never exceeds 10% of the length of the relevant setting.

Click here for an overview of the minimum leg lengths

247TS_Kanten_15_En

 

247TS_Kanten_14_En

 

If the hole still has to be closer to the bend line, a cut can be made to the bend line. Do not use a radius greater than 1 mm in the corners of the cut.

Conditions for the cutting line:

  • Length = minimum length of hole (A)
  • Width = 0.8 x sheet thickness (B)

Note: The end of the bend line must be straight, and is also included in the calculation for the maximum break in the bend zone. 
If there is a bevel here, we cannot guarantee that the product will meet tolerances. See illustration.

holes in bendingzone-50

 

7. Mindestabstand Loch bis Biegelinie_v1

 

The following points should be considered when designing notches:

  • There must be sufficient material in the bending zone to ensure the stability of the part.
  • Round cutouts such as slotted holes are often prone to cracking because the material is weakened at the corners.
  • The ideal shape for cutting out the bending zone is a rectangular cut-out.

 

Note: The end of the bending line must be straight, and is also included in the calculation for the maximum break in the bending zone. 
If there is a chamfer here, we cannot guarantee that the product will meet the tolerances. See illustration.

247TS_Kanten_16

 

Tapered bending

For tapered bends, sufficient minimum support should always be ensured.
Here are some examples of a possible solution:

7.1 NEU Spitzbiegung_v1

 

7.1 NEU Spitzbiegung_v3

 

7.1 NEU Spitzbiegung_v2

 

 

Bendable materials

Material Thickness
CRS CR4 0,8 t/m 3 mm
HRS 14 HR pickled & oiled  3 t/m 8 mm
HRS 50F45 pickled & oiled  3 t/m 6 mm
HRS 14 HR  2 mm
HRS 46F40    3 t/m 8 mm
HRS 46F40 pickled & oiled    3 t/m 8 mm
HRS CorTen A      1,5 t/m 2 mm
CRS CorTen A     3 t/m 5 mm
AlMg3 EN AW 5754 H111 1 t/m 8 mm
AlMg3 ENAW5754 H111 1sc    1 t/m 3 mm
Sendzimir DX51+Z275     0,75 t/m 4 mm
Zincor St12 ZE25/25-03   0,8 t/m 3 mm
Brass CuZn37 HH  1 t/m 3 mm
Magnelis S250 + ZM310  1 t/m 4 mm

Material Thickness
AISI304L 2B    0,8 t/m 6 mm
AISI304L 2B 1s coated  1 t/m 3 mm
AISI304L 240Si grit 1s coated 2 mm
AISI304L 320Si grit 1s coated     1 t/m 4 mm
AISI316L 2B  1 t/m 5 mm
AISI316L 320Si grit 1s coated  1 t/m 3 mm
AISI430 240 grit 1s coated   1 mm
AISI430 finish 2R 1 mm
AISI 1.4003 CR finish 2B 1,5 t/m 2 mm
AISI 1.4003 HR finish 1D   3 t/m 4 mm

Material Thickness
AISI304L 2B      3 t/m 5 mm
AISI316L 1D   6 mm
HRS 14 HR pickled & oiled    8 mm
HRS 46F40  6 mm
HRS 46F40 pickled & oiled 6 mm
AlMg3 EN AW 5754 H111    8 mm

 

Collision with tools/machine

The ability to manipulate the material is largely dependent on the tools used. In order to create U-shapes, 247TailorSteel uses special D-tools. In order to prevent the tools from being overworked, the D10 tools are used to bend U-shapes of up to 5 mm for steel and up to 4 mm for stainless steel. 8mm Steel, 6mm Stainless Steel and 6-8 mm High Tensile Steel are bent with an R-10 tool.

Note: However, there is a limit to the feasible width/height ratio of the U shape. See the figures below to determine what the feasible width/height ratio is.

Side view of stamp J-10

Click on the picture to download.

download Stamp J-10

 

Side view of stamp D-10

Click on the picture to download.

Download Stamp D-10

 

Side view of stamp R-10

Click on the picture to download.

Download stamp R-10

 

Front view of stamp

Click on the picture to download.

247TS_Kanten_21-1

 

For products as shown in the image, the flange cannot be longer than 32 mm. This is related to the extension (35 mm) of the “horn stamps” that are used to make these types of products.

247TS_Kanten_22

 

Box-shaped products

In order to prevent collision with the machine, the maximum height for box-shaped products is 230 mm.

247TS_Kanten_23

 

Roof plates

With similar plates as shown below, corners can be bent up to a maximum of 122˚.

247TS_Kanten_24

 

Large/Conical radii

Large or conical radii must be delivered in segments.

Products with this kind of radius are bent in steps, during which the distance between the bends must satisfy the rules for “minimum leg length”.

If a radius is bent conically using multiple consecutive settings, then the bend lines that meet at a “point” can not be drawn as overlapping.

247TS_Kanten_25_En

 

247TS_Kanten_26

 

247TS_Kanten_27

 

The figure right shows the minimum sizes of stop lugs for the purpose of large or conical radii.

247TS_Kanten_28

 

Minimum bend width

Our narrowest tools are 20 mm. For bends such as those in the image below, this must be taken into account. This is why there must be enough room present for the mold in order to perform the bend.

From a sheet thickness of 4 mm, the width should be at least 22 mm.

247TS_Kanten_29_En

 

In order to bend settings (into corners) such as those shown below, a cut must be made like the one displayed with the red lines.

This cut must be at least the same width as the side to be set.

247TS_Kanten_30_En

 

 

 

247TS_Kanten_31

 

Minimum space between 2 settings

The sides to be set (corners) cannot be drawn completely against each other due to our tolerances.

We recommend:

  • Up to 3 mm sheet thickness, 0.5 mm space between;
  • From 4 to 6 mm sheet thickness, 1 mm space in between;
  • From 7 to 8 mm sheet thickness, 1.5 mm space in between.

247TS_Kanten_32

247TS_Kanten_33

 

Always take into account a minimum of 0.5 mm of space between the side to be set and the side that will remain flat.

14. Mindestabstand zwischen zwei Vorgängen_v1

 

14. Mindestabstand zwischen zwei Vorgängen_v2

 

Stop gages

To be able to process a product, we need at least a 20 mm stop line parallel to the edge, see example.

247TS_Kanten_35

 

If it is not possible to create a straight stop line, we can also add ridges. ridges up to a maximum of 40 mm apart (one stop), or at least 200 mm apart (two stops). see image.

247TS_Kanten_36

 

Hemming

At 247TailorSteel it is possible to have hemming set. The delivery specifications are as follows:

Material: aluminum, stainless steel and steel
Plate thickness (T): see table
Minimum leg length (H): see table
Minimum distance to cant (L1): 6 mm
Minimum distance to cant (L2): 13 mm

Types of hemmings:
247TailorSteel only sets closed hemmings.

16. Hemming_En

 

247TS_Kanten_37

These minimum distances to cant (L1 & L2) also apply to tilts that are perpendicular to the hemming:

247TS_Kanten_38

247TS_Kanten_39

 

Material Sheet thickness in mm (T)     Minimum leg length in mm (H)     Minimum distance to hemming in mm (L1)     Minimum distance to hemming in mm (L2)
Steel / Galvanised steel 1,00 17,0 6 13
  1,25 15,5 6 13
  1,50 14,8 6 13
  2,00 14,0 6 13
Aluminum     1,00 17,0 6 13
  1,25 15,5 6 13
  1,50 14,8 6 13
  2,00 14,0 6 13
Stainless steel 1,00 18,0 6 13
  1,25 16,0 6 13
  1,50 15,0 6 13

 

After hemming, the total height is 2 to 2.5 times the original sheet thickness (B). The tolerance A is ± 1 mm, this may result in holes not being straight across from each other. See image "Tolerances".

Hemming may cause cracks, prints or damage in/on the material. This is beyond our control.

 

Changelog

Date Change type Description
22-10-2024
  • Addition

Addition Internal radius 90 degrees 10mm Alu
11-06-2024
  • Publication
 Page published